[quote=احمد كامل;170]
كتاب بسيط وهام خاصة لطلبة الهندسة الكهربية يشرح
LOAD FLOW ANALYSIS IN POWER SYSTEMS
There are two popular numerical methods for solving the power-flow equati**s. These are the Gauss-Seidel (G-S) and the Newt**-Raphs** (N-R) Methods (Grainger and Stevens**, 1994; Elgerd, 1982; Glover and Sharma, 1994). The N-R method is superior to the G-S method because it exhibits a faster c**vergence characteristic. However, the N-R method suffers from the disadvantage that a “flat start” is not always possible since the soluti** at the beginning can oscillate without c**verging toward the soluti**. In order
to avoid this problem, the load-flow soluti** is often started with a G-S algorithm followed by the N-R algorithm after
a few iterati**s.
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